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PEPTIDE READER

Rules & law

6 sections · 23 sources

What legally counts as a medicine, what a face cream is allowed to claim, what lab tests of gray-market products actually found, and what the doping rules say. Every section lists its own sources.

Start here

What the word actually means, and how to read a study.

  1. What is a peptide?A peptide is a chain of amino acids joined by peptide bonds — a chemical link formed when two amino acids join and a water molecule is released.4 sources
  2. How to read a peptide studyStart with the species: in a BMJ comparison of six treatments, animal results matched the human trials for three and failed to for two.4 sources

The legal position

What the law says, in Sweden and across the EU.

  1. When does something legally count as a medicine?The law defines a medicine by what is claimed or by what it does; either is enough, so marketing alone can turn a product into a medicine.4 sources
  2. What a peptide cream is legally allowed to claimA cosmetic, in EU law, goes on the outside of the body to clean, perfume or change its look — so an injected peptide can never be one.3 sources
  3. What is actually in gray-market vialsOf 1,190 doping products seized by Swiss customs, fewer than 20 per cent contained the promised substance in the promised amount.4 sources
  4. Which peptides are banned by WADA?Most growth-hormone, healing and muscle-building peptides sold online are banned in sport at all times; the approved weight-loss injections are not.4 sources