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PEPTIDE READER

Peptides for immunity & inflammation

3 peptides · T5 1 · T3 1 · T2 1

Three entries, and the distance between them is the point. One is a real prescription medicine, approved in Italy since the 1990s for one narrow use — as a helper for the flu jab in people whose immune system is weak — while what it is actually famous for has been tested and mostly failed: in 1,106 adults with sepsis, deaths within 28 days were 23.4 per cent on the drug against 24.1 per cent on dummy injections, and the immune marker it is supposed to raise did not move. The second is a copy of a peptide the body itself makes, with one properly controlled trial behind it and a published harm signal sitting alongside the benefit one. The third has never been given to a person in a published study at all. An immune system is not a dial that reads high or low, and nothing on this page has shown it can be turned in a chosen direction and left there.

  1. Approved medicine

    Thymosin alpha-1

    Thymalfasin · Thymalfasinum

    Approved in Italy only as a helper for flu vaccination in adults with a weak immune system, and promoted far more widely for immunity, inflammation, long COVID and ageing.

    The largest trial, in 1,106 adults with sepsis, matched dummy injections on every outcome including the immune marker the drug is supposed to raise.

    Therapeutic
  2. Tested in people, but barely

    LL-37

    Cathelicidin LL-37 · cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide

    Sold online for infections, wound healing and gut problems; a peptide the body makes itself.

    The one properly controlled trial, in 148 people with leg ulcers, closed no more wounds than a dummy gel.

    Gray market
  3. Only tested on animals

    KPV

    KPV peptide · Lys-Pro-Val

    Sold for gut inflammation, skin conditions and wound healing.

    No published study has ever given it to a person; the evidence is mouse, rat and rabbit experiments and cells in dishes.

    Gray market